Budget Reconciliation TRACKER (committee reporting deadline May 9, 2025).
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| House GOP aiming to have their reconciliation package on the Floor the Week of May 19. |
If you have updates for the following table, please email us here and write “recon-tracker update” in the subject line.
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| This page is frequently updated; refresh your browser to check for updates. |
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10 – Year
Committee
Instructions
FYs 2025 – 2034
Deficit increases in red
Spending cuts in green
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House
Committee
Action |
Senate
Committee
Action |
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Overview:
5/2: Dems launch pressure campaign to sink bill
5/3: Problems piling up for Recon. Bill
5/5: House Repubs set flurry of mtgs. on megabill
5/7: Moderates and fiscal hawks dig in
5/7: Fiscal hawks reaffirm that reconciliation bill must not add to deficit
5/7: Spending could rise $1.6 tr under Senate plan
5/8: Tax cuts endangered by cold feet on spending cuts |
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| Extension of 2017 tax cuts expiring at the end of 2025 |
Hse. Ways & Means:
not more than $4.5 trillion*
Sen. Finance:
0 – claiming “no cost” to tax cut extensions |
Markup scheduled 5/13, 2pm
4/29: Analysis from Tax Notes
5/1: Corporate SALT cap unlikely; repealing clean energy credits could raise $400 b in revenues; letter from 38 House Republicans demands full repeal of IRA clean energy credits
5/1: 26 House GOP Members released a letter to keep tax incentives for nuclear
5/2: GOP haggles over green tax credits
5/5:W&M Republicans meeting 5/6 and 5/8 to iron out tax package; and meeting with Treasury 5/7.
5/6: W&M Chair says SALT advocates have to compromise
5/7: GOP may scale back tax cuts to $4.0 trillion
5/7:Some tax cuts might be time limited to cut costs
5/8: Trump pushed Speaker Johnson Wednesday to raise taxes on the wealthiest Americans and close the carried interest loophole for private equity managers (the current top rate of 37% is scheduled to snap back to 39.6% at the end of 2025)
5/8: W&M looking at raising SALT cap to 30% |
5/2: How two powerful, polar-opposite Republicans–Crapo and Smith–are paving the way for Trump’s reconciliation bill |
| New Tax Cuts for overtime pay, tip income, Soc. Sec. benefits, and increasing cap on state and local tax (SALT) deduction |
Sen. Finance:
not more than $1.5 trillion |
5/2: NYTimes reports House Republicans are trying to incorporate not taxing tips, overtime pay or Social Security benefits in their tax bill. |
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Debt Limit
Increase |
Hse. Ways & Means
increase by $4 trillion
Sen. Finance
not more than $5 trillion
(due May 16) |
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| Defense Increases |
Hse. Armed Services:
not more than $100 billion
Sen. Armed Services:
not more than $150 billion |
4/29 Markup (video)
Text
Overview
Section-by-Section
Amendments
4/29: Committee approved 35-21
House and Senate Armed Services Committees marked up a $150 billion multiyear package including shipbuilding, missile defense, modernizing the nuclear triad, improving Taiwan’s self-defense, aircraft, border security. and auditing capabilities.
5/2: Defense increase hinges on reconciliation; GOP defense hawks critical of Trump plan
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House and Senate Armed Services Committees will markup a $150 billion multiyear package including shipbuilding, missile defense, modernizing the nuclear triad, improving Taiwan’s self-defense, aircraft, border security. and auditing capabilities. |
Immigration
Enforcement and Border
Spending
Increases (Homeland jurisdiction) |
Hse. Homeland Sec:
not more than $90 billion
Sen. HSGAC:
not more than $175 billion
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4/29 Markup (video)
Bill text
Bill summary
4/29: Committee approved 18-14
Homeland panel approves billions for border wall construction and other security measures
Post-markup press release |
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Immigration
Enforcement and Border
Spending
Increases (Judiciary jurisdiction) |
Hse. Judiciary:
not more than $110 billion
Sen. Judiciary:
not more than $175 billion
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4/30 Markup (video)
Bill Text and Amendments
Committee print
CBO estimate
4/30: Committee approved 23-17
Ranking Dem Raskin statement
The plan includes a $1000 fee to claim asylum and a $3500 fee for sponsors of unaccompanied children, and provides $45 billion in new spending for migrant detention centers, $14.4 billion for migrant removal, and $8 billion for new ICE staff.
The Judiciary language also includes the controversial REINS Act would require any “major rule that increases revenue” to be approved via a joint resolution of the House and Senate before taking effect. It would also allow lawmakers to retroactively terminate countless rules that federal agencies have already implemented by requiring them to submit them to Congress for review. Rules that Congress does not approve would automatically sunset. However, the REINS provisions could face a Byrd rule challenge in the Senate as a major policy provision having a “merely incidental” budgetary effect, rendering it ineligible for inclusion in the filibuster-proof reconciliation bill.
Text of legislation and amendments
5/2: Plan to move FTC antitrust enforcement to DOJ dropped due to Byrd Rule |
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Spending
Increase |
Sen. Commerce:
not more than $20 billion
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Spending
Increase |
Sen. EPW
not more than $1 billion |
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| Cuts to health programs including MEDICAID, and other budget savings from spectrum auctions, energy and telecomm.
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Hse. Energy & Commerce
(jurisdiction over Medicaid, Medicare, Energy, Telecomm, Commerce)
at least $880 billion |
Markup scheduled 5/13, 2pm
Committee members meeting on 5/6 and 5/7 to discuss Medicaid cuts
4/29: Politico reports discussion of Medicaid per capita caps
4/30: E&C Chair working to rally members behind massive cuts
4/30: DC officials say Medicaid cuts would be devastating for 40% of District residents
4/30: Republicans weigh cuts to Medicaid that could dramatically affect millions
5/1: CBO says plans to auction spectrum would bring in $80 to $90 billion (although these are one-time inflows to the Treasury and do nothing to reduce structural deficits)
5/1: Hse Maj. Leader Scalise says he’s confident moderate Rs will get on board with per capita Medicaid caps and lowering the federal match rate (“FMAP”) for the expansion population.
5/2: Key Republican Valadao warning about a megabill Medicaid fallout but hardliners call for deep cuts.
5/2: Which states most at risk from Medicaid cuts?
5/4: Trump ‘shows an openness’ to Medicaid work requirements, committee chair says
5/5: WH is pushing a proposal to reduce spending in Medicaid by aligning what the safety net program pays for drugs with the lower prices paid abroad.
5/6: GOP moderates warm up to Johnson’s latest Medicaid plan; drops caps, FMAP changes–focuses on work requirements and eligibility checks
5/6: GOP targeting state taxes used to boost Medicaid
5/7: CBO estimates impact of Medicaid cuts on coverage
5/7: House GOP backing off some Medicaid cuts as report shows millions of people would lose health care
5/8: Johnson says FMAP (amount the Feds reimburse states for Medicaid) is off the table but per capita caps are still under consideration
5/8: Dems push GOP toward Medicare ‘upcoding’ instead of Medicaid cuts |
Senate Finance Comm. is not instructed to cut Medicaid or Medicare
5/3: Sen. Hawley talking to House GOP members opposed to Medicaid cuts |
SNAP
(Food Stamp) cuts and other cuts to farm programs
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Hse. Agriculture
at least $230 billion
Sen. Agriculture
at least $1 billion |
Markup scheduled 5/13, 7:30 pm
4/27: WH wariness tempers GOP plans to shre food-aid spending with states
4/28: GOP looking at shifting part of food stamp costs to States
4/30: House Comm. Chair says he wants to use the reconciliation process to advance “farm bill” provisions
5/1: Recon bill could include export trade promotion, livestock biosecurity and other provisions from moribund “farm bill”
5/3: Backlash from GOP centrists on food stamp cuts
5/6: Major SNAP food aid overhaul in Trump bill |
5/3: Senate Ag. Comm. would limit food stamp cuts to stricter work requirements |
| Cuts to student loans and Pell Grants |
Hse. Ed & Workforce
at least $330 billion |
4/28: Analysis of impact on Pell Grants and student loans
4/29 Markup (video)
Press Release
Links to Bill Text and Chairman’s Mark
4/29: Committee approved 21-14
The legislation caps the amount of federal loans a student can take out, cuts off Pell Grant for students who attend less than half time, consolidates income-driven repayment plans, and introduces a risk-sharing program where colleges are partially responsible for unpaid student loans. In general, under the Committee’s financial aid reforms, student loans would cost more and fewer people would be eligible for Pell grants.
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Cut Funding for CFPB;
Eliminate PCAOB
and transfer to SEC;
Rescind HUD funds |
Hse. Financial Services
at least $1 billion
Sen. Banking
at least $1 billion |
4/30 Markup (video)
Bill text
Committee Background Memorandum
4/30: Committee approved 30-22
4/30: Financial Services Republicans approve CFPB cuts for GOP megabill. The measure would also dissolve the U.S.’ top audit watchdog and fold it into the SEC.
Committee actions |
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| Expanding Oil & Gas Leases on Fed. Lands, Waters |
Hse. Natural Resources
at least $1 billion
Sen. Energy & Natural Resources
at least $1 billion |
5/6: Mark-up video
5/6: Committee approved 26-27
Markup Page
Chairman’s Mark
Bill Text and Amendments
Ranking Democrat calls it “the most destructive environmental bill in American history.“
5/2: Permitting overhaul could be dropped due to Byrd Rule
5/2: CBO projects the legislation would decrease the deficit by about $15 billion over a 10-year window, driven by increased revenue from expanded oil, gas and mineral production. Notably absent from the bill’s text are sales of public land, which Republicans had considered.
5/5: The bill would aim to drastically ramp up energy production by mandating quarterly onshore oil and gas leases while offering new offshore leases in the Western Gulf of Mexico and Alaska’s Cook Inlet. The bill also offers four new leases in ANWR. The bill would return oil and gas royalties to pre-Inflation Reduction Act rates. The bill also makes significant changes to expedite the environmental review and permitting process. Committee’s ranking Dem calls it “the most aggressive attack on the environment, public lands and clean energy that Congress has ever seen.”
5/7: Committee approves sharp increase in oil, gas, coal and mineral leases on public lands and waters, and sale of public lands to partially pay for tax cuts |
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Pension Cuts for Federal Workers, Increased Pension Contributions,
and Requiring new Workers to Give Up Civil Service Protections or Lose Pay |
Hse. Oversight & Govt. Reform
at least $50 billion |
4/30: Markup (video)
Bill Text and Amendments
Bill Summary
4/30: Committee approved 22-21.
Markup summary
The GOP approved plan would effectivelycut take-home pay, cut pensions, and require federal employees to decide between taking a reduced paycheck or keeping their civil service protections.
4/30: Dems, unions blast bill as assault on federal workers
4/30: Summary by Nat’l Assoc. of Postal Supervisors
5/8: Scalise hinted leadership could change the committee’s federal worker provisions |
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Inflation
Reduction Act
Rollback and new spending on Coast Guard and FAA |
Hse. Transp. & Infrastr.
at least $10 billion |
4/30 Markup (video)
Bill Language
Summary of legislation
4/30: Committee approved 36-30
Transportation & Infrastructure imposed new fees on EVs and Hybrids and rescinds climate funds to offset tax cuts, and fund air traffic control and Coast Guard modernization. |
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Sen. Health, Ed, Labor, Pensions
at least $1 billion |
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House and Senate Budget Committees assemble (w/o change) the various committee titles into a reconciliation bill for Floor consideration
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House Budget Committee markup tentatively scheduled for 5/16 |
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*The Ways & Means tax cut instructions are to be reduced below $4.5 trillion if total spending cuts by House committees fall below $2 trillion, and may increase above $4.5 trillion if total spending cuts by House committees exceed $2 trillion. (section 4001 of budget resolution).
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